how does flow pattern reduce dead space ventilation

It will increase ETCO2 which is secondary to a great increase in muscle use/muscle spasm.ģ1. How will a capnogram change with a patient having a seizure? How will a capnogram change with a patient who has a fever?ĮTCO2 rises with hyperthermia as metabolism increases and produces an increased metabolism.ģ0. Effective CPR will produce a capnogram readingĢ9. If ETCO2 drops after CPR stops, CPR needs to be resumed as there is no or inadequate blood flow through the lungs.

How will a capnogram change during cardiac arrest? The capnogram will read zero if the ETT is placed in the esophagus.Ģ8. How will a capnogram change during esophageal intubation? As bronchodilator treatment is effective, the exhalation line will become more normal.Ģ7. It will produce a “shark-fin” type pattern due to uneven exhalation. How will a capnogram change during bronchospasm? What are the three diseases that would cause a decreased VQ ratio?Ģ6. Pulmonary emboli, complete or partial obstruction of the pulmonary artery, and decreased cardiac output.Ģ5. What are three disease states that would cause an increased VQ ratio? It is the waveform produced from capnography.Ī rapid, continuous, noninvasive monitoring and graphic display of the patient’s inhaled and exhaled CO2 plotted against time.Ģ4. It will remain at zero if esophageal intubation or in cardiac arrest. It will increase with hypoventilation and decreases with hyperventilation. NThe normal range is 35 – 40 mmHg or about 5%. Under normal conditions, what is the respiratory exchange ratio equal to? The quantity of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged during a period of 1 minute.ġ7. What is the respiratory exchange ratio defined as? What is the average respiratory quotient?ġ6. The ratio between the volume of oxygen consumed and the volume of carbon dioxide produced.ġ5. What is the meaning of respiratory quotient? It is the relationship of the overall alveolar ventilation (L/min) to the overall pulmonary blood flow (L/min). When the VQ ratio increases, what happens to PAO2 and PACO2 levels? When the VQ ratio decreases, what happens to PAO2 and PACO2 levels?ġ1. What would be the effect on PACO2 with an obstructed airway?ġ0. What would be the effect on PAO2 with an obstructed airway?ĩ. What would be the effect on VQ ratio which an obstructed airway?Ĩ. What is the VQ ratio in the lower lung?ħ.

How does flow pattern reduce dead space ventilation